JuniperPublishers-Recent Advances in Petrochemical Science

Juniper Publishers Abstract X-ray diffraction method has been used by many researchers in order to study the structure of films. In this work, amorphous structure or polycrystalline magnesium oxide thin films could be identified using this technique. Furthermore, the grain sizes could be measured using X-ray diffraction data as well. Keywords: Magnesium oxide, Thin films, Semiconductor, Deposition, Grain size Introduction Oxide materials [1-12] and metal chalcogenide thin films [13-21] are widely employed in the producing of solar cells, sensor devices, laser devices, optoelectronics devices, integrated circuits, and microelectronics. There are many groups of scientists from different countries involved to study these materials [22-29]. In this work, magnesium oxide (MgO) films were prepared using various deposition techniques. Magnesium oxide was chosen due to it has a high melting temperature, stable a...

Juniper Publishers                                                                                Abstract This paper reviews the recent studies on the identification and cleaning methods, as well as the consequences of oil spill. The future progression on oil spill prevention studies are also projected here. Mini Review Pharmaceutical excipients Oil spill represents a devastating form of environmental disaster which causes irreversible impacts to the sea and marine creatures. The increase demand of petroleum due to the intensified growth of worldwide...

Juniper Publishers Abstract In some cases that the fluid (oil) enter in the bottom of the well and the fluid pressure in the bottom of the well is not capable to bring them to wellhead, other techniques such as gas lift (gas is injected from the surface into the well and this gas with well oil creates mixed miscibility that the density is less than primary oil density and can be transmitted oil to wellhead with that bottom pressure) or down-hole pumps (the oil is pumped from the bottom to wellhead by this device) is used. But, this technique is not mentioned as one of EOR methods. Introduction When a reservoir was being drilled, firstly it was produced by the natural mechanisms. Natural mechanisms provided the substantial energy to push the fluid mainly included oil and gas to the surface [1,2]. Oil expansion is a very important part among those mechanisms if without availability of other artificial introduced energy. The rock a...